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英语常用语法:名词的主谓一致性
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Both the parents and the children are here.
" @2 d( `% K" N+ G% ` ii. A、B表示同一个人、物或者观念的时候,谓语动词要用单数形式
0 `; E- X- t/ ] A journalist and author lives in the sixth flat.
% H( x5 o: h* t# w- K) O+ Y The turner and fitter is under twenty-five.
. @' _ s+ u, W iii. And连接几个单数主语,主语由each、 every、 no、 many a等词修饰的时候,谓语动词要用单数( i3 C5 e3 [: R" y1 @
Each boy and each girl is invited.4 [5 c6 V& U! l, V, d
Every boy and girl is invited.
" u- ~3 l9 s8 v# v& j8 G No boy and no girl is there now.
+ {' I8 f7 w; }+ Z1 O iv. A、B为两个不可分的东西时,谓语动词用单数0 [( j+ v, U9 w
A law and rule about protecting environment has been drawn up.
5 d7 j4 F4 j! V4 |8 h Bread and butter is nutritious./ N/ I. l* `) m* J- a
b) 由or, not only… but also …, either… or …, neither… nor …连接主语时,谓语的人称和数与靠近的主语一致 (注意,叙述句和疑问句随语序不同而不同)0 A' \( L* S9 l6 k% O$ S
Either you or I am mad.2 K; C) u( l1 [% l& I& y, @8 i- ?
Neither you nor he is naughty.
& w% u& Q+ F" F Not only the farmer but also his family were friendly to me.' `. W. j0 J# ^% {8 V+ B
c) 当主语后跟有with, along with, together with, besides, except, like, including, as well as, rather than等词的时候,谓语动词不受词组的影响,仅和主语保持一致
, G2 U. Z! b) { i All but one were here just now.9 S) e1 Q& _! I9 q! C% @7 o; I$ W
A library with five thousand books is offered to nation as a gift.* o' c p! l+ C' q0 m8 M) @: }
2. 单一主语的情况/ v: f: Y; O8 l- z# J9 L1 e
a) 以复数形式结尾的统称名词作主语时,例如physics, maths, economics, news, means, works, 等一般在谓语动词中用单数形式, 当然,若表示复数的意思则另当别论2 ]5 W7 R/ m _3 u8 ]5 t0 K
Physics is very important.2 p% E+ z; ~ f6 F# a5 c) c, p3 Z
Every means has been tried.' Z# g& d, U- O8 U4 }
b) 当由至少两个部分组成的工具的名称,或者衣服的名称等作主语时,例如trousers/pants, shoes, glasses, scissors, goods, clothers等,谓语用复数形式;如果这些词由Pair(suit, piece, series,kind)+ of修饰的时候,谓语动词要用单数
?9 I9 G, Z- D My trousers are white and his clothes are black.
: k$ r8 h z7 B: f' s A pair of scissors is lying in that drawer.6 u: j& M. x% H; G' i
但是在these/those pairs (…) of + 复数名词之后,谓语动词则用复数形式+ |8 Z* W% h' o |9 ?4 X
These kinds of glasses are popular this summer. n+ p8 u+ `% A& Z. o
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